hold

出处：按学科分类—语言、文字 辽宁人民出版社《英汉辞典》第601页（3272字）

【释义】：

(held，held)vt．①握，抱：hold one’s sides with laughter捧腹大笑．We must hold our rifles firmly in hand．我们要紧握手中枪．②保持，支撑：Hold your head up．抬起头来．The boy holds himself erect．小孩站得笔直．③容纳：This thermos holds five pounds of water．这热水瓶装五磅水．④心怀，怀着：hold one’s view坚持己见．He is holding something in his mind．他有心事．⑤认为，相信：Marxism holds that classes and class struggle are the root cause of every phenomenon in class society．马克思主义认为阶级和阶级斗争是阶级社会里一切现象的根本原因．I hold myself responsible for what happened．对所发生的事情，我认为我有责任．The jury held the accused to be innocent．陪审委员会认为被告无罪．⑥抑制，压住，止住：hold one’s breath屏息．The driver could scarcely hold the horse．赶车人几乎不能驾驭这匹马．There is no holding him．控制不住他．Hold your tongue!住嘴!⑦占有，任职：The soldiers held the bridge against all attacks．战士们坚守桥头，抗击敌人．Comrade Wu is holding a leading post．吴同志担任着领导职务．⑧有，所有，享有：I hold the keys of these rooms．我有这些房间的钥匙．⑨举行：hold talks会谈．We shall hold a meeting for mass criticism tomorrow．明天我们开批判会．

－vi．①抓住，附着：The anchor holds well．锚扎得稳．The nails will not hold．钉子钉得不牢．②耐久，持久，不断：How long will the rope hold?这绳子还能支持多久不断?③继续，保持：We hope that the fine weather will hold．我们希望好大气保持下去．The output of steel holds at a high level．钢的产量保持着高水平．④有效，适用：The rule does not hold．这规则无效了．hold good有效，适用：This holds good for us too．这对我们也适用．

△hold(oneself)aloof避开别人，保持孤独．hold(sb．or sth．)back1)阻止(人)：He was so impatient that I couldn’t hold him back．他是如此的急躁，以致我无法劝阻他．2)退缩，犹豫．3)隐瞒(事)：hold back the names隐瞒姓名．hold sb．(or sth．)down压制，抑制．hold fast to抓住，坚持：We should hold fast to the principle of combining revolutionary zeal with a scientific spirit．我们应该坚持革命干劲和科学分析相结合的原则．hold sb．(or sth．)off l)迟迟不来：The rain holds off．雨还没下．2)不使接近：Our soldiers bravely held off the enemy．我们的战士勇敢地阻击敌人．hold(sth．)on 1)缠住，抓牢：The child holds on to his mother’s hand．这孩子抓住他母亲的手不放．2)【口语】停住：Hold on!I can’t hear what you are saying．停一停，我听不见你在说什么．3)继续：He still holds on a correspondence with Comrade Li．他仍和李同志继续通信．hold one’s ground坚持，固守阵地：He held his ground during thedebate．辩论中他坚持己见．hold out 1)坚持：They steadfastly held out against the foe．他们沉着坚决地阻击敌人．2)持续：Our coal will hold out for half a year．我们的煤可以用半年．3)伸出：The foreigner held out his hand to us．那位外国人向我们伸出手来(要求握手)．4)提出：These were the promises he held out．这些就是他所提出的保证．hold sb．at bay把某人困住：The Indochinese people fought bravely，holding their enemy at bay．印度支那人民英勇作战，把敌人打得寸步难行．hold sb．in esteem尊重，尊敬某人．hold sth．(or sb．)dear(cheap)重视(不重视)：hold the cause of revolution dear以革命事业为重．hold sth．(or sb．)in压住，制止：Try to hold the horse in!把马拦住! hold sth．over延期：The subiect was held over to the next meeting．这问题被留到下次会议讨论．hold to固守，抱住：We should hold to Marxist principles．我们要坚持马克思主义原则．hold sb．(or sth．)together结合在一块，团结．hold up 1)拦住，停止：The policeman is holding up the traffic．警察指挥交通．2)举起，提出，展示：The shop assistant held up the goods for the buyers to see．店员把货物给顾客看．hold water 1)(容器)不漏水．2)(言论)有根据：Your argument doesn’t hold water．你的论点站不住脚．hold with赞成，同意：I hold with you that he is a good fighter．我同意你说他是个好战士．

－n①抓，握：catch(or take，get，lay，seize) hold of抓住，揪住．have a great hold over(or on)sb．对某人有很大影响．The militiaman didn’t release his hold on the arm of the special agent．民兵紧紧抓住特务的胳膊不放．②可把握的东西，可抓的地方：They climbed the rock using some ledges as holds．他们攀着岩石的突出部分爬上去．③船的货舱．