9．卡他灵
出处：按学科分类—医药、卫生 军事医学科学出版社《临床常用进口药物手册》第31页（4069字）
【中文释文】：
白内障眼药水
〔说明〕
卡他灵是1-羟基-5-氧-5氢-吡啶(3，2-α)酚噁嗪-3-羧酸(吡诺克辛：INN)的制剂。这一化合物的化学结构类似虫眼黄素(xanthommatin)，一种昆虫的眼内色素。
〔成分〕
片剂：每片含吡诺克辛(Pirenoxine)0．75mg
溶剂：等渗缓冲液，含0．02%对羟甲酸苯基甲酯和0．01%对羟基苯甲酸丙酯作为保存剂。
〔药理作用〕
虽然白内障的发病机理迄今尚未清楚地确定，但据认为由于芳香族氨基酸异常代谢的结果产生醌类物质，使晶体内水溶性蛋白质变为不溶性的蛋白质，是造成白内障的原因(Quinoid理论)。有人发现吡诺克辛可竞争性地抑制醌类物质的作用。广泛的基础和临床试验证明这一药物阻止白内障的发展。
〔适应证〕
老年性白内障
〔用法和剂量〕
使用前，将一片卡他灵溶于15ml溶剂中，待完全溶解后，每日滴眼3～5次，每次1～2滴。
〔注意事项〕
1．副作用 可能发生弥漫性浅层角膜炎，睑缘炎，结膜充血，刺痛或发痒。
2．应用时注意
(1)仅供滴眼用；
(2)一旦溶解后，应将眼药贮存于阴凉暗处；
(3)当滴药时，避免将滴管头接触眼部。
〔包装〕
一片卡他灵和15ml溶剂。
〔眼药水的配制〕
1．取下白色瓶盖。
2．将分开包装的药片直接投入瓶内，不要接触药片。
3．盖上白色瓶盖，拧紧，然后摇晃药瓶，使药片溶解。
4．取下棕色瓶盖。滴药时避免接触眼部。
5．注意：这种药遇有金属离子时改变颜色。
〔贮存〕
1．未配制前可贮存于室温。
2．溶液必须贮存于阴凉暗处。
〔有效期〕
溶解后，应于20d内用完。
〔生产厂家〕
日本千寿制药株式会社
(附本品别名：吡诺克辛钠、白内停，白障灵，睛明，卡林，Pirfenoxine sodium，cataract，clarvisan，kary)．
【外文释文】：
Ophthalmic Solution
Description
Catalin is a preparation of 1-Hydroxy-5-oxo-5H-pyrido(3，2-a)-phenoxazine-3-carboxylic acid(pirenoxine：INN)，a compound with a chemical structure similar to xanthommatin，an eye pigment of insects．
Composition
Tablet：One tablet comtains Pirenoxine 0．75 mg
Solvent：Isotonic buffered solution containing 0．02%methylparaben and 0．0 1%propylparaben as preservatives．
Action
Though the pathogenesis of cataract has not yet been clearly determined，conversion of water-soluble protein in the lens to insoluble protein by quinone substances，produced as the results of abnormal metabolism of aromatic amino acid，is said to be responsible for cataract(Quinoid Theory)．Pirenoxine is found to competitively inhibit the action of the quinone substances．Extensive experiments，both basic and clinical have proven that this agent prevents the progress of cataract．
Indication
Senile cataract
Administration and dosage
Dissolve one tablet in 15 ml．of solvent just before use and instill 1-2 drops of the solution，3-5 times a day．
Precautions
1．Side Effects
Diffuse superficial keratitis，blepharitis marginalis，conjunctival injection，smarting or itching may occur．
2．Caution in Use
(1)Use only by instillation．
(2)Store the ophthalmic solution，once prepared，in a cool，dark place．
(3)Avoid contact of tip of dropper with the eye when instilling．
Supply
One tablet with 15 ml．solvent
How to prepare solution(15 ml．ophtalmic solution)
·Remove white cap from bottle．
·Drop tablet from the separate package directly into the bottle，as illustrated．Do not touch the tablet．
·Replace white cap securely and swirl the bottle well to dissolve the tablet．
·Remove brown cap as illustrated and instill，avoiding contact of dropper tip with the eye·
Cautions in handling
Caution：
This drug changes color in the presence of metallic ion．
Storage：
·Store at room temperature．
·The solution should be stored in a cool，dark place．
Expiracy：
After dissolution，use within 20 days．
Manufacturer
Senju Pharmaceutical Co．，Ltd．，Japan．