23．导升明
出处：按学科分类—医药、卫生 军事医学科学出版社《临床常用进口药物手册》第90页（4929字）
【中文释文】：
调节微血管功能
〔主要成分〕
每胶囊含500mg活性钙元素，2，5-二羟基苯磺酸钙(非专利名：羟苯磺酸钙)。
〔作用〕
导升明作为血管保护剂主要作用于以下3方面：
微血管壁：增加抵抗力，减低其高通透性；
淋巴循环：活化作用；
降低血液及血浆粘稠度，纠正白蛋白／球蛋白比值，降低血小板的高聚集性，从而防止血栓形成，并提高红细胞柔韧性。
导升明还可抑制血管活性物质(组织胺、5-羟色胺、缓激肽，透明质酸酶，前列腺素)对微血管引起的高通透作用，减小内皮血症，改善基底膜胶原的生物合成。
〔适应证〕
1．微血管病的治疗 糖尿病性微血管病变：视网膜病及肾小球硬化症(齐—威二氏综合征)；
非糖尿病性微血管病变：特发性或长期使用香豆素衍生物、细胞抑制剂、口服避孕药或其它药物促发的微血管病变；
与慢性器质性疾病(诸如高血压、动脉硬化和肝硬变)相关的微循环障碍。
2．静脉曲张综合征的治疗 原发性静脉曲张：疼痛、腿痛、肌肉痛性痉挛，感觉异常；手足发绀，紫癜性皮炎；
静脉曲张状态：慢性静脉功能不全(CVI)，静脉炎及表浅性血栓性静脉炎，血栓后综合征，静脉曲张性溃疡；妊娠性静脉曲张。
3．伴有微循环障碍的静脉功能不全的治疗：痔疮综合征；静脉曲张性静脉炎。
4．静脉剥离和静脉硬化法的辅助治疗 术后综合征，水肿及组织浸润的预防。
〔剂量〕
表5 对不同适应证应服用导升明的剂量
注：胶囊进餐时吞服，勿嚼
〔副作用〕
人对导升明耐受良好，即使长期服用亦然，变态反应不能除外。
极少病例，尤在大剂量时可有胃部不适、恶心、胃灼热及厌食。这些病例应减量或必要时中止给药。
〔禁忌证〕
对制剂的任何成分过敏；
苯磺酸钙在实验研究中并无致畸作用，也不能通过胎盘。为谨慎起见，妊娠头三个月及哺乳期不要使用。
〔包装与保存〕
导升明500mg／胶囊每盒20粒或60粒。
放置于阴凉、干燥，安全处和儿童不能拿到的地方。
〔生产厂家〕
奥地利依比威药厂
(附本品别名：氢醌磺酸钙，多克斯昂，Calcium Dobesilate，Dobesifar，Doxi-OM，Romiven，都克斯姆)。
【外文释文】：
Regulation of the capillary functions
Composition
Each capsule contains 500 mg of the active principle calcium，2，5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate(calcium dobesilate，INN)．
Properties
DOXIUM is an angioprotective agent acting at 3 sites：the capillary wall，increasing its resistance and reducing its hyperpermeability，the lymph flow by activating it and the blood flow by reducing blood and plasma viscosities，correcting the albumin／globulin ratio，lowering the platelet hyperaggregability，thus preventing thrombogenesis and increasing the erythrocyte flexibility．
It also inhibits the noxious effects of vasoactive substances(histamine，serotonin，bradykinine，hyaluronidase，prostaglandin)on the capillary hyperpermeability and reduces endothelemia．It improves the biosynthesis of basement membrane collagen．
Indications
1．Treatment of microangiopathies
Diabetic microangiopathy：Retinopathy and glomerulo-sclerosis(Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome)．
Non-diabetic microangiopathy：idiopathic or precipitated by long treatment with coumarin derivates，cytostatic agents，oral contraceptives or other substances．
Disorders of the microcirculation associated with chronic organic diseases such as arterial hypertension，arterio sclerosis and hepatic cirrhosis．
2．Treatment of varicose syndrome
Primary varicose：Pain，feeling of heavy aching legs，muscle cramps，paresthesia．Acrocyanosis，dermatitis purpurea．
Varicose state：Chronic venous insufficiency(CVI)，phlebitis and superficial thrombophlebitits，postthrombotic syndrome，varicose ulcers．Pregnancy varices．
3．Treatment of venous insufficieny associated with disorders of the microcirculation：
·hemorrhoidal syndrome
·varicose veins．
4．Co-adjuvant treatment in venous stripping and phlebosclerosation
Prophylaxis of the post-operative syndrome，edemas and tissular infiltration．
Dosage
Table 5
Capsules to be swallowed without chewing during meals
Side-effects
DOXIUM is generally well tolerated even taken over long periods．Allergic reactionscannot be excluded．
In rare cases，especially with higher dosage，stomach complaints，nausea，pyrosis，and loss of appetite can be observed．In those cases，the dosage should be reduced or the administration interrupted．
Contraindications
·Hypersensitiveness to any ingredient of the preparation．
·Calcium dobesilate is not teratogenic in experimental tests and does not cross the placenta．As a precaution it should not be taken during the first three months of pregnancy and during lactation．
Presentation
DOXIUM 500 mg capsules：original packs of 20 and 60 capsules
Keep in safe place and out of reach for children!
Store in a cool dry place，away from light!
Manufacturer
EBEWE Arzneimittel Ges．m．b．H．
Pharmaceutical Laboratories
A-4866 Unterach，Austria