scratch

出处：按学科分类—语言、文字 辽宁人民出版社《英汉辞典》第1125页（1040字）

【释义】：

vt．①(用指甲、爪等)抓，抓伤，挠，划破：legs scratched by the briers被荆棘划破的腿．The cat is scratching the door．猫在挠门．scratch the surface抓表面，肤浅地处理：He merely scratched the surface of the matter．他只抓住了问题的表面．②涂掉，勾消：His name was scratched out of the book．他的名字从书上勾掉了．③搔痒，摩擦：scratch mosquito bites搔蚊子咬的地方．scratch one’s head为难，伤脑筋．④潦草地写，乱涂：scratch a letter to a comrade给同志匆匆忙忙地写了一封信．⑤用爪挖(洞)：scratch(out)a hole挖个洞．⑥一点一点地积攒(up，together)：scratch up(or together)some money积攒一些钱．

－vi．①(用指甲、爪等)抓，挠，划伤：Does your cat scratch?你的猫挠人吗?②搔痒．③发沙沙声：This pen scratch es．这支笔(写字)沙沙响．④用爪刨：The chickens are scratching about in the yard．鸡在院子里刨来刨去．

－n．①挠(抓)痕，挠(抓)伤，挠抓声：a mere scratch 一点擦伤．without a scratch 一点没伤着．a scratch of the pen草草几笔，签个字．②(只用sing．)抓，搔．③(sing．不加冠词)起跑线：come up to(bring sb．up to) scratch 准备好(使某人准备好)做…，达到要求，符合标准：Will your teacher manage to bring you up to scratch before you take the examination?在你们参加考试前，教师会设法使你们有所准备吗?

－a．东拉西凑的，偶然凑成的．scratch·y a．①潦草的(书写、图画等)．②(钢笔钩纸)沙沙响的．